Mitundu ya ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito sodium hydroxide

Mitundu ya ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito sodium hydroxide

YANGZHOU EVERBRIGHT CHEMICAL CO.LTD.

Piritsi la Caustic soda ndi mtundu wa soda yosungunuka, sodium hydroxide, ndi alkali yosungunuka, yowononga kwambiri, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati asidi neutralizer, yokhala ndi masking agent, precipitating agent, precipitating masking agent, color agent, saponification agent, detergent, detergent ndi zina zotero.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a caustic soda nthawi zambiri kumafotokozedwa motere:

1, kupanga mapepala:

Zipangizo zopangira mapepala ndi mitengo kapena udzu, zomera izi kuwonjezera pa cellulose, komanso zili ndi zinthu zambiri zopanda cellulose (lignin, chingamu, ndi zina zotero). Flake alkali imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa, ndipo ulusiwo ungapezeke kokha pochotsa lignin m'matabwa. Gawo lopanda cellulose lingathe kusungunuka powonjezera yankho la soda yosungunuka, kuti cellulose ikhale gawo lalikulu la zamkati.

2, mafuta oyeretsedwa:

Zinthu zamafuta zikatsukidwa ndi sulfuric acid, zinthu zina za acidic ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi piritsi la alkali, kenako n’kutsukidwa kuti zipeze zinthu zoyengedwa.

3. Nsalu:

Nsalu za thonje ndi nsalu za nsalu zimakonzedwa ndi sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) kuti ziwongolere mphamvu za ulusi. Ulusi wopangira monga thonje lopangira, ubweya wopangira, rayon, ndi zina zotero, nthawi zambiri ndi ulusi wa viscose, umapangidwa ndi cellulose (monga zamkati), caustic soda, carbon disulfide (CS2) ngati zinthu zopangira, zopangidwa ndi viscose, pozungulira, ndi condensation.

4, kusindikiza ndi kupaka utoto:

Nsalu ya thonje yokhala ndi mankhwala a alkaline, imatha kuchotsa sera, mafuta, wowuma ndi zinthu zina zomwe zaphimbidwa ndi nsalu ya thonje, pamene ikuwonjezera mtundu wa mercerization wa nsaluyo, kuti utotowo ukhale wofanana.

5, kupanga sopo:

Gawo lalikulu la sopo ndi mchere wa sodium wa ma acid apamwamba amafuta, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mafuta ndi mapiritsi a alkali ngati zinthu zopangira kudzera mu saponification reaction. Kuwonjezera pa mchere wambiri wamafuta acid, sopo ilinso ndi rosin, galasi lamadzi, zonunkhira, utoto ndi zina zodzaza. Mwa kapangidwe kake, sodium yokhala ndi mafuta ambiri imakhala ndi gawo losakhala la polar hydrophobic (gulu la hydrocarbon) ndi gawo lokhala ndi polar hydrophilic (gulu la carboxyl). Gulu lokhala ndi hydrophobic lili ndi mphamvu za oleophilic. Pakutsuka, mafuta omwe ali mu dothi amasunthidwa ndikufalikira m'madontho ang'onoang'ono amafuta, ndipo pambuyo pokhudzana ndi sopo, gulu lokhala ndi hydrophobic (gulu la hydrocarbon) la mamolekyulu apamwamba a sodium acid limayikidwa m'madontho amafuta, ndipo mamolekyu amafuta amalumikizidwa pamodzi ndi mphamvu za van der Waals. Gulu lokhala ndi hydrophilic (gulu la carboxyl), lomwe limasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, limatambasulidwa kunja kwa dontho la mafuta ndikulowetsedwa m'madzi. Chosakaniza chachikulu cha sopo ndi NaOH, koma NaOH si sopo. Yankho lake lamadzi ndi lamafuta ndipo lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati sopo. Sopo ndi emulsifier. Mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti saponification reaction CH3CO0CH2CH3+NaOH=CH3COONa+CH3CH2OH, ndipo CH3COONa ndiye chinthu chogwira ntchito mu sopo.

6, makampani opanga mankhwala:

Mapiritsi a sodium, madzi a electrolytic amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a alkali. Kupanga mchere wambiri wosapangidwa, makamaka kukonzekera mchere wina wa sodium (monga borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, ndi zina zotero) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mapiritsi a alkali. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga utoto, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe.

7, makampani a zitsulo:

Kawirikawiri pofuna kusintha gawo logwira ntchito la miyalayi kukhala mchere wosungunuka wa sodium, kuti achotse zinyalala zosasungunuka, nthawi zambiri amafunika kuwonjezera mapiritsi a alkali. Mwachitsanzo, posungunula aluminiyamu, kukonzekera cryolite ndi kuchiza bauxite zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

8, kugwiritsa ntchito laimu kuti nthaka ikule bwino:

m'nthaka, chifukwa zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimawonongeka zimapanga ma organic acid, kusinthasintha kwa mchere kungapangitsenso zinthu zokhala ndi asidi. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zopanda organic monga ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ndi zina zotero, kungapangitsenso nthaka kukhala ndi asidi. Kugwiritsa ntchito laimu wokwanira kungathandize kuchepetsa asidi m'nthaka, kupangitsa nthaka kukhala yoyenera kukula kwa mbewu, komanso kumalimbikitsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pambuyo powonjezeka kwa Ca2+ m'nthaka, kungathandize kuti nthaka ikhale ndi colloid, yomwe imathandiza kupanga ma aggregates, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, kungapereke calcium yofunikira kuti zomera zikule.

9. Kupanga Alumina:

Yankho la NaOH limatenthedwa kuti lisungunuke alumina mu bauxite ndikupeza sodium aluminiyamuyankho. Pambuyo poti yankho lalekanitsidwa ndi zotsalira (matope ofiira), kutentha kumachepetsedwa, aluminiyamu hydroxide imawonjezedwa ngati mbewu ya kristalo, pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali yosakaniza, sodium aluminate imasungunuka kukhala aluminiyamu hydroxide, kutsukidwa, ndikusungunuka pa 950 ~ 1200℃, aluminiyamu oxide yomalizidwa imapezeka. Yankho pambuyo pa mvula ya aluminiyamu hydroxide imatchedwa mother liquor, yomwe imasanduka nthunzi ndikuyikiranso ndikubwezeretsanso. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka makristalo osiyanasiyana a diaspore, diaspore ndi diaspore, kusungunuka kwawo mu caustic soda solution ndikosiyana kwambiri, kotero ndikofunikira kupereka mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yosungunuka, makamaka kutentha kosiyanasiyana kosungunuka. Bauxite ya mtundu wa diaspore imatha kusungunuka pa 125 ~ 140C, ndipo bauxite ya mtundu wa diaspore imatha kusungunuka pa 240 ~ 260℃ ndikuwonjezera laimu (3 ~ 7%).

10, zoumbaumba:

Caustic soda pa ntchito yopanga ceramic ili ndi mfundo ziwiri: yoyamba, pakupanga ceramics, caustic soda ngati diluent. Chachiwiri, pamwamba pa ceramic yoyaka moto padzakhala pakakanda kapena kolimba kwambiri, ndipo pambuyo poyeretsa ndi caustic soda, pamwamba pa ceramic padzakhala posalala.

11, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:

Kuchepa kwa mapuloteni a kachilombo. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyeretsa ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'mabotolo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito vinyo.

12, kuwonjezera pa madzi otayira:

sodium oxide wamphamvu kuti asinthe ph, chithandizo cha zimbudzi, kuti zinthu zobwezeretsanso zigwiritsidwe ntchito.

13, mankhwala, zowonjezera zamakampani:

Mapiritsi a alkali amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mumakampani opanga mankhwala kuti azitha kusintha mayankho kapena kusintha pH ya mayankho a mankhwala.

14, electroplating, tungsten refinering.：

Mapiritsi a alkali mu chitsulo chopangira ngati njira yopangira ma electroplating, amasewera gawo la kondakitala!

15, kupanga silika, kupanga thonje la rayon.

16. Makampani opanga zikopa (Kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a alkali kawiri):

(1) Pa njira yobwezeretsanso madzi a phulusa la zinyalala za utoto, nyowetsani ndikuwonjezera sodium sulfide m'njira yowonjezerera yomwe ilipo.

Pakati pa magawo awiri a chithandizo chonyowetsa ufa wa laimu, kugwiritsa ntchito 30% sodium hydroxide solution yokhala ndi kulemera kwa 0.3-0.5% kumawonjezeka kuti ulusi wa khungu ukule mokwanira kuti ukwaniritse zofunikira pa ndondomekoyi ndikukweza ubwino wa zinthu zomwe zatha pang'ono.
(2) Monga chogwiritsira ntchito alkaline komanso choletsa kufalikira kwa madzi, onjezerani madzi mu reactor, kenako tenthetsani mpaka 90 ° C kudzera mu nthunzi, sakanizani pamene mukuwonjezera polyvinyl alcohol, kenako zizirani mpaka 80 ° C polyvinyl alcohol itasungunuka kwathunthu. Mukasakaniza, onjezerani hydrochloric acid pang'onopang'ono, pitirizani kusakaniza kwa mphindi 20 mpaka 30, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa formaldehyde. Sungani kutentha pa 78 ~ 80 ℃, lolani kuti ichitepo kanthu kwa mphindi 40 ~ 50, onjezerani yankho la 10% sodium hydroxide lokonzedwa kuti lichepetse kufalikira kwa madzi, liziziritseni mpaka 60 ~ 70 ℃, kenako onjezerani formula urea yochizira amino, ndikusefa yankho la guluu kudzera mu ukonde wa ulusi kuti mugwiritse ntchito.

17, makampani opanga mankhwala a poliyesitala:

amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga formic acid, oxalic acid, borax, phenol, sodium cyanide ndi sopo, ma synthetic fatty acids, sopo wothira mankhwala, ndi zina zotero.

18, makampani osindikizira ndi opaka utoto a nsalu:

amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsukira utoto wa thonje, chotsukira utoto wowiritsa, chotsukira utoto wa mercerizing ndi utoto wochepetsera utoto, chosungunulira utoto wabuluu wa Haichang.

19, makampani osungunula:

amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga aluminiyamu hydroxide, aluminiyamu oxide ndi chothandizira kukonza pamwamba pa chitsulo.

20, makampani a zida,:

amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati asidi neutralizer, chothandizira kuchotsa utoto, komanso chothandizira kuchotsa fungo loipa.

21, makampani omatira:

amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gelatinizer, neutralizer.

22, kupanga phosphate, kupanga manganate.

23. Kukonzanso kwa rabara yakale.

24, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati citrus, pichesi decolating agent ndi decolorizing agent, deodorant.

25, mapiritsi a alkali amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo.