Njira yogwiritsira ntchito PAC/PAM

Polyaluminum chloride: PAC mwachidule, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti basic aluminiyamu chloride kapena hydroxyl aluminiyamu chloride.

Mfundo yaikulu: Kudzera mu hydrolysis product ya polyaluminum chloride kapena polyaluminum chloride, colloidal precipitation mu zimbudzi kapena matope imapangidwa mwachangu, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kulekanitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta precipitate. Magwiridwe antchito: Mawonekedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a PAC zimagwirizana ndi alkalinity, njira yokonzekera, kapangidwe kake kodetsedwa komanso kuchuluka kwa alumina.

1, pamene alkalinity ya madzi oyera a polyaluminum chloride ili mkati mwa 40% ~ 60%, imakhala madzi owoneka bwino achikasu. Alkalinity ikapitirira 60%, pang'onopang'ono imakhala madzi owoneka bwino opanda mtundu.

2, pamene alkalinity ili pansi pa 30%, polyaluminum chloride yolimba ndi lenzi.

3, pamene alkalinity ili mkati mwa 30% ~ 60%, imakhala ngati colloidal.

4, pamene alkalinity ili pamwamba pa 60%, pang'onopang'ono imakhala galasi kapena utomoni. Polyaluminum chloride yolimba yopangidwa ndi bauxite kapena mchere wa dongo imakhala yachikasu kapena yofiirira.

Chithunzi cha chinthu

Kugawa magulu ofanana

22-24% ya zomwe zili: Kupanga njira yowumitsa ng'oma, popanda kusefa mbale ndi chimango, zinthu zosasungunuka m'madzi ndizokwera, ndiye mtengo wamakono wa zinthu zamafakitale, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyeretsa madzi otayira m'mafakitale.

26% ya zomwe zili: Kupanga njira yowumitsa ng'oma, popanda kusefa mbale ndi chimango, zinthu zosasungunuka m'madzi ndizochepa kuposa 22-24%, mankhwalawa ndi muyezo wadziko lonse wa mafakitale, mtengo wake ndi wokwera pang'ono, makamaka womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza madzi otayira m'mafakitale.

28% ya zomwe zili: Ili ndi mitundu iwiri ya njira zowumitsira ng'oma ndi kupopera, fyuluta ya chimango cha madzi kudzera mu mbale, madzi osasungunuka kuposa awiri oyamba otsika, ndi ya zinthu zapamwamba za PAC, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza zinyalala zosakhuthala komanso pochiza zomera zamadzi apampopi.

30% ya zomwe zili: Pali mitundu iwiri ya kuumitsa ng'oma ndi kuumitsa popopera, madzi otuluka kudzera mu fyuluta ya chimango cha mbale, ndi a zinthu zapamwamba za PAC, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu fakitale yamadzi apampopi komanso kutayikira kochepa kwa madzi apakhomo.

32% ya zomwe zili: Izi zimapangidwa ndi kupopera mankhwala, ndizosiyana ndi zinthu zina, mawonekedwe a PAC awa ndi oyera, ndi oyera kwambiri polyaluminum chloride yopanda ferrous, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mankhwala abwino komanso zodzoladzola, ndi ya mtundu wa chakudya.

Polyacrylamide: yotchedwa PA M, yomwe imadziwika kuti flocculant kapena coagulant

Mfundo yaikulu: Unyolo wa mamolekyu wa PAM ndi gawo lomwazikana kudzera mu zotsatira zosiyanasiyana za makina, zakuthupi, zamankhwala ndi zina, gawo lomwazikana limalumikizidwa pamodzi, kupanga netiweki, motero kumawonjezera udindo.

Magwiridwe antchito: PAM ndi ufa woyera, wosungunuka m'madzi, wosasungunuka mu benzene, ether, lipids, acetone ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe, yankho lamadzi la polyacrylamide ndi madzi owoneka bwino komanso okhuthala, ndi chinthu chopanda poizoni, chosawononga, cholimba cha PAM chili ndi hygroscopicity, hygroscopicity imawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa ionic degree.

Chithunzi cha chinthu

Kugawa magulu ofanana

Malinga ndi makhalidwe ake a gulu losagwirizana, PAM imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: anionic polyacrylamide, cationic polyacrylamide ndi non-ionic polyacrylamide. Ionic polyacrylamide.

PAM ya Cationic: matope opangidwa ndi njira ya biochemical

Anionic PAM: Zimbudzi ndi matope okhala ndi mphamvu zabwino, monga chomera chachitsulo, chomera chopangira ma electroplating, zitsulo, kutsuka malasha, kuchotsa fumbi ndi zimbudzi zina, zimathandiza kwambiri.

PAM Yopanda Ionic: kwa cationic ndi anionic zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino, koma mtengo wa unit ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri, nthawi zambiri sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri

Zonse ziwiri zawonjezeredwa ku malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Kodi flocculation ndi chiyani? Pambuyo powonjezera coagulant ku madzi osaphika, kusakanikirana kwathunthu ndi madzi, zinthu zambiri zodetsedwa za colloid m'madzi zimataya kukhazikika, ndipo tinthu ta colloid tosakhazikika timagundana ndikulumikizana wina ndi mnzake mu dziwe lodulira, kenako ndikupanga floc yomwe ingachotsedwe mwa njira yamvula.

Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa flocculation

Njira yokulira kwa floc ndi njira yokhudzana ndi kugundana kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono.

Ubwino wa flocculation effect umadalira zinthu ziwiri zotsatirazi:

1 kuthekera kwa ma polymer complexes opangidwa ndi coagulant hydrolysis kupanga adsorption frame bridge, yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi makhalidwe a coagulants

2 kuthekera kwa kugundana kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi momwe tingawalamulire kuti kugundana koyenera komanso kogwira mtima. Madokotala aukadaulo wokonza madzi amakhulupirira kuti kuti awonjezere kuthekera kwa kugundana, liwiro liyenera kuwonjezeka, ndipo mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi ziyenera kuwonjezeka powonjezera liwiro, kutanthauza kuti, kuwonjezera liwiro la kuyenda kwa dziwe losambira (zowonjezera: ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono titasonkhana ndikukula mofulumira kwambiri mu flocculation, zidzawonongeka. Pali mavuto awiri: 1 floc kukula mofulumira kwambiri mphamvu yake imafooka, mu njira yoyendera yomwe ikukumana ndi kudulidwa kwamphamvu kumapangitsa kuti mlatho wa chimango cha adsorption udule, mlatho wa chimango cha adsorption wodulidwa ndi wovuta kupitiliza, kotero njira yosambira nayonso ndi yochepa, ndi kukula kwa floc, liwiro la kuyenda liyenera kuchepetsedwa, kotero kuti floc yopangidwayo si yosavuta kusweka; 2 floc kukula mofulumira kwambiri kungapangitse kuti malo enieni a floc achepetse kwambiri, zochita zina sizili bwino tinthu tating'onoting'ono tataya zinthu zomwe zimachitika, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi tinthu tating'ono ... thanki yosungiramo madzi ikasungidwa, zimakhala zovuta kuisunga pa fyuluta.)

Onjezani zofunikira

Poyamba kuchitapo kanthu powonjezera coagulant, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mwayi wokhudzana ndi zinyalala momwe mungathere, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kusakaniza kapena kuyenda. Kutengera kugundana kwa madzi ndi mbale yopindika komanso kuyenda kwa madzi pakati pa mbale yopindika kuti kuwonjezere liwiro, kuti mwayi wogundana kwa tinthu ta madzi ukule, kotero kuti floc condensation. Ndipo ku kuchitapo kanthu mochedwa, kuti muchepetse liwiro, mutha kupeza flocculation yabwino komanso mphamvu ya mvula.

Kuwonjezera zida: chidebe cha mankhwala, thanki yosungiramo mankhwala, chosakaniza mlingo, pampu yoyezera mlingo ndi zida zoyezera. Yokhala ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito

PAC, kuchuluka kwa PAM komwe kumaperekedwa (kuchotsedwa mu thumba losungiramo mankhwala ndikuwonjezeredwa ku thanki yosungunula) Kuchuluka kwa PAC ndi PAM komwe kumaperekedwa Malinga ndi zomwe zachitika: Kuchuluka kwa PAC pool solving concentration kwa 5%-10%, kuchuluka kwa PAM kwa 0.1%-0.3%, deta yomwe ili pamwambapa ikugwirizana ndi mtundu, ndiko kuti, madzi a kiyubiki iliyonse PAC 50-100kg, PAM 1-3kg. Kuchuluka kumeneku ndi kwakukulu, mphamvu ya PAM solving ndi yochepa, imafunika kusakaniza bwino liwiro lapakati kuti isungunuke kwathunthu. M'chilimwe, kuchuluka kwa PAM solving concentration kumatha kuwonjezeka bwino mpaka 0.3-0.5%. Tengani kuchuluka kwa PAC solving concentration kwa 10%, kuchuluka kwa PAM solving concentration kwa 0.5%, kenako kiyubiki iliyonse ya madzi osungunuka PAC100kg, PAM5kg, sinthani kayendedwe ka pampu ya diaphragm flow meter, malinga ndi kuwerengera kwa 1 kiyubiki mita / maola 24, ndiko kuti, Q = malita 42 / ola, ikhoza kukwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zotsuka zinyalala. Mlingo wa mankhwala oyeretsera zinyalala a PAC, PAM (wosungunuka m'madzi oyambilira) Mlingo wa mankhwala oyeretsera zinyalala nthawi zambiri umakhala PAC 50-100ppm, PAM 2-5ppm, ppm unit ndi imodzi mwa miliyoni, kotero amasinthidwa kukhala magalamu 50-100 a PAC pa tani imodzi ya zinyalala, magalamu 2-5 a PAM, akulangizidwa kuti malinga ndi mayeso awa a mlingo. Ngati mphamvu ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya mankhwala oyeretsera zinyalala ndi 2000 cubic metres, kuchuluka kwa PAC malinga ndi 50ppm, kuchuluka kwa PAM malinga ndi kuwerengera kwa 2ppm, ndiye kuti mlingo wa tsiku lililonse wa PAC ndi 100kg, mlingo wa PAM ndi 4kg. Mlingo womwe uli pamwambapa umawerengedwa malinga ndi zomwe zachitika, mlingo weniweni ndi kuchuluka kwa mlingo kuyenera kutengera kuyesa kwapadera kwa khalidwe la madzi. Werengani mtengo womwe wakhazikitsidwa mu mita yoyeretsera madzi.

Pambuyo powonjezera chothandiziracho ku zimbudzi kapena matope, chiyenera kusakanizidwa bwino. Nthawi yosakaniza nthawi zambiri imakhala masekondi 10-30, nthawi zambiri osapitirira mphindi ziwiri. Mlingo weniweni wa chothandiziracho ndi kuchuluka kwa tinthu ta colloidal, zinthu zolimba zomwe zimapachikidwa mu zimbudzi kapena matope, mtundu ndi zida zochizira zimakhala ndi ubale wabwino, mlingo wabwino kwambiri wa mankhwala a matope ndi ena, mlingo wabwino kwambiri umapezeka kudzera mu mayeso ambiri. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mlingo wabwino kwambiri (ppm1 kuwonjezera kuchuluka) ndi kuyenda kwa madzi (t/h) ndi kasinthidwe ka kuchuluka kwa yankho (ppm2 kukonzekera kuchuluka), zitha kuwerengedwa pa mtengo wowonetsera wa dosing pump flowmeter (LPM). Mtengo wowonetsera wa dosing pump flowmeter (LPM) = kuyenda kwa madzi (t/h)/60×PPM1 kuwonjezera kuchuluka / PPM2 kukonzekera kuchuluka.

Chidziwitso: ppm ndi imodzi mwa miliyoni; kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi a flowmeter a dosing pump, LPM ndi malita/mphindi; GPM ndi magaloni/mphindi