Udindo wa calcium chloride pa ntchito yoyeretsa zimbudzi

Choyamba, njira yoyeretsera zinyalala imaphatikizapo makamaka kuchiza thupi ndi mankhwala. Njira yoyeretsera thupi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zosefera zokhala ndi ma pore osiyanasiyana, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsekera kapena zotsekera, zinyalala zomwe zili m'madzi sizichotsedwa, chofunika kwambiri mu njira yotseketsera madzi ndi kutseketsa ndi mpweya woyatsidwa, njira yotsekera ndiyo kudutsa madzi kudzera mu fyuluta, kuti zinyalala zambiri zisadutse, kenako kupeza madzi oyera ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yoyeretsera thupi imaphatikizaponso njira yopezera madzi, yomwe ndi kulola zinyalala zomwe zili ndi gawo laling'ono kuyandama pamwamba pa madzi kuti zituluke, kapena zinyalala zomwe zili ndi gawo lalikulu zigwe pansi pa madzi, kenako nkupeza. Njira yoyeretsera thupi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti asinthe zinyalala zomwe zili m'madzi kukhala zinthu zomwe sizivulaza thupi la munthu, kapena zinyalalazo zikuluzikulu, njira yoyeretsera mankhwala iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kuti iwonjezere alum m'madzi, zinyalala zitasonkhanitsidwa m'madzi, kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kwakukulu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosefera kuti muchotse zinyalalazo.

Calcium chloride, mankhwala omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa zimbudzi, ndi chinthu chosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe chomwe ndi mchere wopangidwa ndi chlorine ndi calcium, ionic halide wamba. Ma chloride ions amatha kuyeretsa madzi, kupha mabakiteriya owopsa, ndikuchepetsa poizoni wa madzi. Ma calcium ions amatha kusintha ma cation achitsulo omwe ali m'madzi, kulekanitsa ndikuchotsa ma ion achitsulo choopsa, ndikuchotsa calcium ion, yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu yabwino yoyeretsa komanso yoyeretsa.

Izi zikuwonetsa ntchito yeniyeni ya calcium chloride pakukonza zimbudzi:

1. Calcium chloride yosungunuka m'madzi pambuyo poti chloride ion yayamba kugwira ntchito yoyeretsa.

2. Ma calcium ions amatha kulowa m'malo mwa zitsulo zomwe zili mumadzi otayira, makamaka mu njira yoyeretsera madzi otayira okhala ndi zitsulo. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri za zitsulo zomwe zili mu gawo la biochemical, calcium chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zinthu zoopsa komanso zovulaza izi, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Ngati chinthuchi chikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu gawo la madzi otayira, ma chloride ions amagwira ntchito yopha mabakiteriya. Ma calcium ions omwe amapanga calcium hydroxide amatuluka ndipo amachotsedwa ndi mvula.

3. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya PH ndi kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde a mapaipi a zinyalala za acidic kuti pakhale nthawi yayitali yogwiritsira ntchito maukonde a mapaipi.

Njira yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito: Madzi otayira akasonkhanitsidwa mu thanki yowongolera, madzi otayira amakwezedwa ku thanki yolumikizira ndi mpope wokweza. Thanki yolumikizira imagawidwa m'njira ziwiri zosakaniza pang'onopang'ono ndi kusakaniza mwachangu, magawo anayi onse a reaction. Mu thanki yosakaniza mwachangu, sodium hydroxide imawonjezeredwa ku mpope woyezera kuti isinthe PH ya madzi osakaniza mu thanki kukhala 8, ndipo polyaluminum chloride yosungunuka m'madzi ndi calcium chloride zimawonjezedwa nthawi imodzi. Mwa kuwonjezera flocculant polyacrylamide mu thanki yosakaniza pang'onopang'ono, tinthu ta calcium chloride tomwe timapangidwa timalumikizana kuti tipange floc yayikulu ya granular; Pambuyo pa flocculation, madzi otayira amalowa mu thanki yolumikizira, kudzera mu malo achilengedwe kuti akwaniritse cholinga cholekanitsa madzi olimba, supernatant idasefukira kuchokera kumtunda kwa thanki yolumikizira, kenako imalowa mu secondary coagulation precipitation. Pambuyo pochiza ndi kupopera madzi, madziwo amadutsa mu fyuluta ya thumba ndi fyuluta ya kaboni yogwira ntchito kupita ku dziwe loletsa acid-base lomwe lili m'mbali mwa mwiniwakeyo akadutsa pa intaneti kuti azindikire ma ion a fluoride, kenako pH imasinthidwa ndikutulutsidwa. Madzi osayenerera amatulutsidwa mu thanki yoziziritsira mpweya kenako nkuchiritsidwa.