Udindo wa mankhwala oyeretsera zinthu zotsukira
Chelate, chelate yopangidwa ndi zinthu zoyezera, imachokera ku liwu lachi Greek lakuti Chele, lomwe limatanthauza claw ya nkhanu. Ma Chelate ali ngati claw ya nkhanu yokhala ndi ma ayoni achitsulo, omwe ndi okhazikika kwambiri komanso osavuta kuchotsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ma ayoni achitsulo awa. Mu 1930, chelate yoyamba idapangidwa ku Germany - EDTA (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) chelate yochizira odwala omwe ali ndi poizoni wa zitsulo zolemera, kenako chelate idapangidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito potsuka mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku, chakudya, mafakitale ndi ntchito zina.
Pakadali pano, opanga akuluakulu opanga mankhwala a chelating padziko lonse lapansi ndi BASF, Norion, Dow, Dongxiao Biological, Shijiazhuang Jack ndi ena otero.
Dera la Asia-Pacific ndi msika waukulu kwambiri wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, wokhala ndi gawo loposa 50% ndipo msika ukuyerekeza kuti ndi woposa US $1 biliyoni, ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga sopo, madzi, chisamaliro chaumwini, mapepala, chakudya ndi zakumwa.
(Kapangidwe ka mamolekyulu a mankhwala oletsa kutupa EDTA)
Mankhwala oletsa kuwononga amalamulira ma ayoni achitsulo mwa kuwononga ma multi-ligand awo ndi ma metal ion complexes kuti apange ma chelate.
Kuchokera ku njira imeneyi, zitha kumveka kuti mamolekyu ambiri okhala ndi ma multi-ligand ali ndi luso lotere la chelation.
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi EDTA yomwe ili pamwambapa, yomwe ingapereke maatomu awiri a nayitrogeni ndi maatomu anayi a carboxyl oxygen kuti agwirizane ndi chitsulocho, ndipo ingagwiritse ntchito molekyulu imodzi kuti ikulungitse bwino calcium ion yomwe ikufunika kulumikizidwa 6, ndikupanga chinthu chokhazikika kwambiri chokhala ndi luso labwino kwambiri la chelation. Ma chelator ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi monga sodium phytate monga sodium gluconate, sodium glutamate diacetate tetrasodium (GLDA), sodium amino acid monga methylglycine diacetate trisodium (MGDA), ndi polyphosphates ndi polyamines.
Monga tonse tikudziwa, kaya m'madzi apampopi kapena m'madzi achilengedwe, muli calcium, magnesium, plasma yachitsulo, ma ayoni achitsulo awa omwe amawonjezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali, adzabweretsa zotsatirazi pa moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku:
1. Nsaluyo siitsukidwa bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti sikelo iume, ikhale yolimba komanso yakuda.
2. Palibe chotsukira choyenera pamalo olimba, ndi malo osungira masikelo
3. Kuyika masikelo mu ziwiya za patebulo ndi magalasi
Kuuma kwa madzi kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa ma ayoni a calcium ndi magnesium m'madzi, ndipo madzi olimba amachepetsa mphamvu yotsuka. Mu zinthu zotsukira, chotsukira chimatha kuchita ndi calcium, magnesium ndi ma ayoni ena achitsulo m'madzi, kuti chifewetse ubwino wa madzi, kuletsa calcium ndi magnesium plasma kuti zisagwirizane ndi chotsukira chomwe chili mu sopo, ndikupewa kusokoneza mphamvu yotsuka, potero zimapangitsa kuti chotsukira chigwire bwino ntchito.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zoyeretsera zingathandizenso kuti kapangidwe ka sopo kakhale kokhazikika komanso kosawola kwambiri akatenthedwa kapena kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuwonjezera chotsukira tsitsi ku sopo wochapira zovala kungathandize kuyeretsa bwino, makamaka m'madera omwe kutsuka kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuuma, monga kumpoto, kum'mwera chakumadzulo ndi madera ena omwe ali ndi kuuma kwambiri kwa madzi, chotsukira tsitsi chingalepheretsenso kuti mabala ndi mabala a madzi asakhazikike pamwamba pa nsalu, kuti sopo wochapira zovala ukhale wothira bwino komanso wosavuta kumamatira pamwamba pa zovala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutsuka zovala kukhale koyera komanso kofewa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito ake osavuta samakhala olimba komanso otuwa.
Komanso pakuyeretsa pamwamba pa zinthu zolimba komanso kuyeretsa ziwiya za patebulo, chotsukira chomwe chili mu sopo chingathandize kusungunula ndi kufalitsa sopo, kuti banga ndi kukula zikhale zosavuta kuchotsa, ndipo magwiridwe antchito abwino ndi akuti sikeloyo siingakhalepo, pamwamba pake pamakhala powonekera bwino, ndipo galasi silimapachika filimu yamadzi. Zotsukira zimathanso kuphatikizana ndi mpweya mumlengalenga kuti zipange zinthu zokhazikika zomwe zimaletsa kusungunuka kwa pamwamba pa zitsulo.
Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu ya chelating ya zinthu zoyeretsera pa ayoni achitsulo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu zotsukira mapaipi pochotsa dzimbiri.