Dioxane? Ndi nkhani ya tsankho basi

Kodi dioxane ndi chiyani?Kodi izo zinachokera kuti?

Dioxane, njira yolondola yolembera ndi dioxane.Popeza kuti choipa n’chovuta kutchula, m’nkhani ino tigwiritsa ntchito mawu oipa omwe nthawi zonse m’malo mwake.Ndi organic pawiri, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti dioxane, 1, 4-dioxane, madzi opanda mtundu.Dioxane pachimake kawopsedwe ndi otsika kawopsedwe, ali ndi mankhwala ochititsa ndi zolimbikitsa zotsatira.Malinga ndi Security Technical Code of Cosmetics ku China, dioxane ndi gawo loletsedwa la zodzoladzola.Popeza ndizoletsedwa kuwonjezera, chifukwa chiyani zodzoladzola zimakhalabe ndi dioxane?Pazifukwa zomwe sizingalephereke mwaukadaulo, ndizotheka kuti dioxane alowe muzodzola ngati chinthu chodetsedwa.Ndiye zonyansa zomwe zili muzopangira ndi zotani?

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsa mu shampoos ndi kutsuka thupi ndi sodium fatty alcohol ether sulfate, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti sodium AES kapena SLES.Chigawochi chikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta a kanjedza achilengedwe kapena petroleum monga zopangira kukhala mafuta oledzeretsa, koma amapangidwa kudzera muzinthu zingapo monga ethoxylation, sulfonation, ndi neutralization.Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi ethoxylation, mu sitepe iyi ya ndondomeko anachita, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zopangira ethylene okusayidi, amene ndi zopangira monoma chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makampani kaphatikizidwe mankhwala, mu ndondomeko ya ethoxylation anachita, kuwonjezera pa Kuphatikiza kwa ethylene oxide ku mowa wonyezimira kuti apange ethoxylated mafuta mowa, Palinso gawo laling'ono la ethylene oxide (EO) ma molekyulu awiri a condensation kuti apange chotuluka, ndiye kuti, mdani wa dioxane, zomwe zingachitike zitha kuwonetsedwa. mu chithunzi chotsatira:

Kawirikawiri, opanga zopangira zopangira adzakhala ndi masitepe apambuyo pake kuti alekanitse ndi kuyeretsa dioxane, opanga zinthu zosiyana siyana adzakhala ndi miyezo yosiyana, opanga zodzoladzola zamitundu yambiri azilamuliranso chizindikiro ichi, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 20 mpaka 40ppm.Ponena za zomwe zili muzomaliza (monga shampoo, kusamba thupi), palibe zizindikiro zapadera zapadziko lonse lapansi.Pambuyo pa chochitika cha shampoo cha Bawang mu 2011, China idakhazikitsa muyeso wazinthu zomalizidwa zosakwana 30ppm.

Dioxane imayambitsa khansa, kodi imayambitsa nkhawa?

Monga zopangira zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, sodium sulfate (SLES) ndi dioxane yake yopangidwa ndi mankhwala aphunzira kwambiri.United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yakhala ikuphunzira dioxane muzinthu zogula kwa zaka 30, ndipo Health Canada yatsimikiza kuti kupezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa dioxane muzodzoladzola sikuyika chiwopsezo cha thanzi kwa ogula, ngakhale ana (Canada). ).Malinga ndi bungwe la Australian National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, malire abwino a dioxane pazinthu zogula ndi 30ppm, ndipo malire apamwamba ovomerezeka ndi toxicologically ndi 100ppm.Ku China, pambuyo pa 2012, malire a 30ppm pa zodzoladzola za dioxane ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi malire apamwamba ovomerezeka a 100ppm pansi pa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.

Kumbali inayi, ziyenera kutsindika kuti malire aku China a dioxane muzodzoladzola ndi ochepera 30ppm, omwe ndi apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.Chifukwa kwenikweni, maiko ambiri ndi zigawo ali ndi malire apamwamba pa zomwe zili ndi dioxane kuposa muyezo wathu kapena palibe zomveka bwino:

M'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwa dioxane kumakhala kofala m'chilengedwe.Bungwe la US Toxic Substances and Disease Registry lalemba kuti dioxane imapezeka mu nkhuku, tomato, shrimp komanso m'madzi athu akumwa.Bungwe la World Health Organization Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality (kope lachitatu) limati malire a dioxane m’madzi ndi 50 μg/L.

Chifukwa chake kunena mwachidule vuto la carcinogenic la dioxane m'chiganizo chimodzi, ndiye kuti: mosasamala kanthu za mlingo woti mulankhule zovulaza ndi wankhanza.

Kuchepetsa zomwe zili mu dioxane, ndizomwe zimakhala zabwinoko, sichoncho?

Dioxane si chizindikiro chokha cha khalidwe la SLES.Zizindikiro zina monga kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osasunthika komanso kuchuluka kwa zonyansa zomwe zili mu mankhwalawa ndizofunikanso kuziganizira.

Kuonjezera apo, nkofunika kuzindikira kuti SLES imabweranso mosiyanasiyana, kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mlingo wa ethoxylation, ena ndi 1 EO, ena ndi 2, 3 kapena 4 EO (zowona, mankhwala okhala ndi malo a decimal monga 1.3) ndi 2.6 akhoza kupangidwanso).Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ethoxidation, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa EO, kumapangitsa kuti dioxane ikhale yopangidwa pansi pa ndondomeko yofanana ndi kuyeretsedwa.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, chifukwa chowonjezera EO ndi kuchepetsa kukwiyitsa kwa surfactant SLES, komanso kuchuluka kwa EO SLES, kumachepetsanso khungu, ndiko kuti, mofatsa, ndi mosemphanitsa.Popanda EO, ndi SLS, zomwe sizimakondedwa ndi zigawo, zomwe ndizolimbikitsa kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa dioxane sikukutanthauza kuti ndizinthu zabwino zopangira.Chifukwa ngati chiwerengero cha EO ndi chochepa, kupsa mtima kwa zopangira kudzakhala kwakukulu

Powombetsa mkota:

Dioxane sizinthu zowonjezeredwa ndi mabizinesi, koma zopangira zomwe ziyenera kukhala muzinthu zopangira monga SLES, zomwe ndizovuta kuzipewa.Osati mu SLES, makamaka, bola ngati ethoxylation ikuchitika, padzakhala kuchuluka kwa dioxane, ndipo zinthu zina zosamalira khungu zimakhalanso ndi dioxane.Kuchokera pakuwona kuwunika kwachiwopsezo, monga chinthu chotsalira, palibe chifukwa chotsata zomwe zili mtheradi 0, kutenga ukadaulo wamakono wodziwikiratu, "osapezeka" sizitanthauza kuti zomwe zili ndi 0.

Choncho, kunena zovulaza kupitirira mlingo ndi kukhala chigawenga.Chitetezo cha dioxane chaphunziridwa kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo chitetezo choyenera ndi miyezo yoyenera yakhazikitsidwa, ndipo zotsalira zosakwana 100ppm zimaonedwa kuti ndizotetezeka.Koma mayiko monga European Union sanapange kukhala muyezo wovomerezeka.Zofunikira zapakhomo zomwe zili ndi dioxane muzinthu ndizochepera 30ppm.

Chifukwa chake, dioxane mu shampu siyenera kuda nkhawa ndi khansa.Ponena za zabodza zomwe zili m'ma TV, tsopano mukumvetsa kuti ndikungofuna kuti mumvetsere.